What are the two main categories into which everything in JavaScript can be classified?

In JavaScript, everything can indeed be classified into two main categories: primitive values and objects. Primitive values include types such as strings, numbers, booleans, null, undefined, and symbols. These values are immutable and stored directly in the stack. On the other hand, objects are more complex data structures that can hold collections of key-value pairs, including functions and arrays. Objects are mutable and stored in the heap.

This classification is foundational in JavaScript, as it influences how the language manages memory and how variables interact with these different types. Understanding this distinction is crucial for effective programming in JavaScript, as it impacts variable behavior, function arguments, and data manipulation.